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دایکندی - Adverbs of Frequency
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Adverbs of Frequency

The most common adverbs of frequency are always, usually, often, sometimes, seldom, rarely, and never. The following chart shows the relative frequencies of these adverbs. It is important to understand that the percentages only show approximate frequencies; other sources will have slightly different numbers. What is important is not the absolute number, but only the relative frequency.

adverb frequency chart

What are adverbs?

Traditionally an adverb is defined as a word that modifies a verb, adjective, another adverb, or a whole clause or sentence. There are many kinds of adverbs; common types include adverbs of manner that tell how (easily, quietly), adverbs of time that tell when (afterwards, later), adverbs of place and direction that tell where (there, downstairs, backward, up), adverbs of degree that tell how much (very, almost, extremely) and adverbs of frequency that tell how often (always, sometimes, never).

What do we mean by adverbs of frequency?

Adverbs of frequency tell us how often an action takes place.

Are there other adverbs of frequency?

Yes. In addition to the adverbs in the chart above, other common adverbs of frequency include constantly, generally, normally, regularly, frequently, routinely, repeatedly, occasionally, infrequently, and hardly ever.

Where do we put adverbs of frequency?

The basic rule is that adverbs of frequency come before the main verb but after present and past forms of be (am, are, is, was, were). In the case of tenses that use an auxiliary, we put the adverb between the auxiliary and the main verb. The following tables show the position of the adverbs of frequency in affirmative, negative, interrogative, and imperative sentences.

 

Affirmative Sentences

Subject

Auxiliary

Adv. of Frequency

Main Verb

Predicate

The side effects

 

usually

go

away after a few hours.

I

 

sometimes

have

trouble accessing my favorite web site.

Beethoven

 

often

went

to Baden for the summer.

Kevin

has

never

been

a fan of SUVs.

Brian

has

always

wanted

to own a restaurant.

I

will

always

be

grateful to you.

 

Affirmative Sentences with BE

Subject

BE

Adv. of Frequency

Predicate

The bus

is

usually

on time.

Some people

are

never

satisfied.

 

Negative Sentences

Subject

Auxiliary

Adv. of Frequency

Main Verb

Predicate

Suzanne

doesn't

usually

get

involved in politics.

It

doesn't

often

snow

here at Christmas.

I

don't

ever

download

music from the Internet.

 

Negative Sentences with BE

Subject

BE + not

Adv. of Frequency

Predicate

Iron supplements

aren't

usually

necessary for men.

Professor Morgan

isn't

often

at a loss for words.

 

Interrogative Sentences

Auxiliary

Subject

Adv. of Frequency

Main Verb

Predicate

Does

Kimberly

usually

have

breakfast at home?

Do

you

always

read

the fine print?

Did

Chris

ever

play

basketball?

Don't

you

ever

get

tired?

 

Interrogative Sentences with BE

BE

Subject

Adv. of Frequency

Predicate

Are

you

always

so cheerful in the morning?

Isn't

Ted

usually

here by eight o'clock?

 

Imperative Sentences

Adv. of Frequency

Verb

Predicate

Always

do

your best!

Never

forget

this rule!

Always

be

truthful!

 

Short Answers with Adverbs of Frequency

Subject

Adv. of Frequency

Auxiliary or BE

A: Will you ever change?
B: I


never


will.

A:Has Shirley ever been to Austria?
B:She


never


has.

A: Do they ever study together?
B:They


sometimes


do.

A: Is Jessica ever wrong?
B:She


seldom


is.

 

Distribution of Adverbs of Frequency by Sentence Type

Adv. of Frequency

Affirmative

Negative

Interrogative

Imperative

always

X

X

X

X

usually

X

X

X

 

often

X

X

X

 

sometimes/occasionally

X

 

X

 

rarely/seldom/hardly ever/scarcely ever1

X

 

 

 

never1

X

 

 

X

ever

 

X

X

 

1Although used in sentences with affirmative form, the meaning is negative.

Distribution of Adverbs of Frequency by Sentence Position

Adv. of Frequency

Initial

Medial

Final

always

 

X

 

usually

X

X

 

often

 

X

X

sometimes/occasionally

X

X

X

rarely/seldom/hardly ever/scarcely ever2

X

X

 

never2

X

X

 

ever

 

X

 

2If placed in initial position, subject-verb inversion occurs. See below for examples.

 

 

 

Subject-Verb Inversion

Negative Adverb

Auxiliary

Subject

Main Verb

Predicate

Never

did

I

think

I would see my book in print.

Seldom

have

we

had

a professor with such enthusiasm.

"Scarcely

had

he

finished

speaking when the door of the queen's apartment opened...."

 

Relative Frequencies of the Adverbs3

ADVERB

FREQUENCY

never

202

often

153

always

141

ever

103

sometimes

63

usually

51

generally

39

normally

20

constantly

16

rarely

16

regularly

16

frequently

15

repeatedly

15

routinely

11

occasionally

7

almost never

3

seldom

3

                                                     

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